The Safety And Hygiene Tourism Essays

The Safety And Hygiene Tourism Essays The Safety And Hygiene Tourism Essay The Safety And Hygiene Tourism Essay There are three types of jeopardies in a nutrient fabrication procedure: physical, chemical and biological. Foreign objects are the most obvious grounds of a contaminated merchandise and are hence most likely to be reported by production or by consumer ailments. However, they are besides less likely than chemical or biological contaminations to impact big Numberss of people. Biological taint handling the job of biological onslaught, it isassumed that there could be taint of forces, of all open surfaces, and of go arounding air. Because of the current troubles in quickly observing biological agents, cognition of taint might ( although non needfully ) be based on the happening of widespread or unusual illness. This illness could because by taint that had occurred several yearss or hebdomads before. A state of affairs could be besides whereby extended usage of biological agents would necessitate extra safeguards in the operation of all musss. Examples of biological jeopardies are: diseases of parasites are Anisakids, roundworms found in natural or undercooked fish and seafood, and Trichinella spiralis, the tinea found in infested porc or game animate beings. 1.2 Chemical Contamination Chemical taints are responsible for many instances of foodborne unwellness. Contamination can come from assortment of substances found in the establishment.Chemical jeopardies are harmful substances such as pesticides, machine oils, cleansing agents and cleaning solutions, sanitizers, dissolved metals and an inordinate sum of a nutrient additive. 1.2.2 Toxic Metallic elements Some utensils and equipment contain toxic metals that can pollute acidic nutrient. Those metals include: Lead. It is found in pewter, which can be used to do hurlers and other tableware. Copper. It is sometimes found in cooking utensil, such as pots and pans. Zinc. This metal is found in galvanized points, which are coated with it. Some pails, baths, and other points may be galvanized. In acidic nutrient is stored in or prepared with this equipments, the metals can be transferred to the nutrient and do toxic-metal toxic condition. For this ground, merely food-grade utensils and equipment should be used to fix and hive away nutrient. Carbonated-beverage dispensers that are improperly installed can besides make a jeopardy. If carbonated H2O is allowed to flux back into the Cu supply lines, it could leach Cu from the line and pollute the drink. Beverage -dispensing systems should be installed and maintained by professionals who will guarantee that a proper backflow-prevention device is installed. 1.2.3 Foodservice Chemicals Chemicals can pollute nutrient if used nutrient if used or stored falsely. Chemicals such as cleaners, sanitizers, glosss, and machine lubricators can all be hazards. To maintain nutrient safe, follow these guidelines: Shop chemicals off from nutrient and equipment used for nutrient. Keep nutrient in a separate storage country in their original container. Follow makers way when utilizing chemicals. Be careful when utilizing chemicals while nutrient is being prepared. When reassigning a chemical to a new container, label the container with the common name of the chemical. Merely usage lubricators that are made for nutrient equipment s. 1.3 Physical Contamination Physical nutrient taint is when something falls into your nutrient when being manufactured. It can besides happen when natural objects are left in nutrient.For illustration machinery could fall into your nutrient and like castanetss in a fish filet. Rocks, castanetss, finger nails are all classed as physical taint. Physical taint of nutrient occurs when a foreign object mixes with nutrient and becomes either danger for or a nuisance to the consumer. Foreign objects can include castanetss or hair or jewellery or any figure of objects that mixes with the nutrient during the nutrient readying, creative activity or bringing. Physical taint can happen when nutrient is non decently stored. Here are some common physical contaminations: Metallic shaves from tins Basics from cartons Glass from broken visible radiation bulbs Blades from plastic or gum elastic scrapers Fingernails, hair, and patchs Soil Boness Jewelry Fruit cavities Closely inspect the nutrient you receive. Take stairss to do certain no physical contaminations can acquire into it. 1.3.1How can Physical and Biological taint be controlled? Control methods include natural stuff review and specification, seller enfranchisement and letters of warrants, metal sensors, x-ray engineering ( to observe bone fragments ) , and effectual plague control in the installation, preventive equipment care and proper sanitation processs. In add-on, proper care and standardization of sensing equipment is critical. Equally of import is employee instruction, since a important part of points reported in nutrient merchandises are personal effects dropped by employees. Besides of import are appropriate handling of boxing stuff, proper transportation, having and storage patterns every bit good as tamper-proof or tamper-evident packaging. 1.3.2 Storage After nutrient is purchased, take it instantly place and shop it in the proper containers and at the proper temperature. Never store nutrient in metallic containers and neer put meat or other articles that drip on the top shelf of the icebox. All nutrients that require infrigidation must be stored below 40 grades Fahrenheit.Refrigerators must be cleaned and sanitized on a regular basis to forestall the accretion of physical contaminations. Foods should be covered to forestall cross-contamination and soaking up of other nutrient orders. 1.3.3 Preparation and Put Away Most nutrient is contaminated during the readying procedure. Make certain all surfaces are clean and sanitised and do certain that custodies are decently washed, with warm soap and H2O, before managing any food.Never leave nutrient out for more than two hours as micro-organism can multiply quickly as nutrient warms and or cools. Immediately prepare nutrient after you remove it from the icebox. After nutrient is consumed, put it away instantly. Package leftovers in plastic covered containers or labeled plastic bags and instantly topographic point in the icebox or deep-freeze. Become familiar with nutrient storage bounds and flip any nutrient that has exceeded those bounds. 1.3.4 Cleaning and Sanitizing Hot soapy H2O is perfect for cleansing. Wash surfaces with clean, hot, saponaceous H2O to take atoms of nutrient and as many micro-organisms as possible from all surfaces. Rinse with clean, clear, hot H2O. The rinse measure is to farther take micro-organisms and does non interfere with the effectivity of sanitizer.A few simple stairss will guarantee nutrient safety and happy and healthy feeding. 1.5 Decision To set it all in a nutshell, set uping safe nutrient handling patterns increases profitableness, reduces legal liability, and promotes goodwill to clients. An eating constitution that has developed written criterions to guarantee safe nutrient and that follows documented processs to forestall nutrient borne unwellness can utilize the sensible attention defence in instance it is sued for an alleged nutrient poisoning eruption. Question 1B 1.1.1 Introduction of Portable Water PotableA waterA isA H2OA which is suited for imbibing by human being and other animate beings. WaterA may be of course drinkable, as is the instance with pristine springs, or it may necessitate to be treated in order to be safe. In either case, the safety ofA waterA is assessed with trials which look for potentially harmful contaminations. WaterA which is non safe to imbibe can transport diseases and heavy metals. Peoples who consume thisA waterA will go sick, and there is a hazard of decease. Unfortunately, even in countries where theA waterA is known to be insecure, people may imbibe it anyhow, out of despair. The deficiency of potableA waterA is frequently accompanied by other oversights in sanitation, such as unfastened cloacas and limitedA garbageA aggregation. WaterA which is contaminated can be treated to turn it into potableA H2O. BoilingA waterA may non take heavy contaminations, but it can neutralize most bacteriums and viruses which may be present. 1.1.2 Use of Potable Water Drinkable Water. We drink it. We use it to run our dish washers and rinsing machines. We process and manufacture goods with it. We use it to turn our harvests and feed our farm animal. We use it to transport goods from one topographic point to another. We swim in it, boat on it, and fish from it. And every life thing depends on it for endurance. This section takes a expression at all the ways we use H2O and how those utilizations affect H2O quality. Human Consumption of Drinking Water HumanConsumptionof Water. Waterisabsolutelyessentialforsurvival. A personcan survivea monthwithout nutrient, butonlyabout aweek withoutwater. Peoplecan notsurvive inthewateranybetter ; we needto haveclean watertodrink. Clean watercontributestogood wellness ; contaminated watercancauseillnessandevendeath. In order toclean enoughfor human ingestion, waterusuallymust be treated insomeway. Agribusiness utilizations Besides that, the different ways agribusiness utilizations are as below. In fact it s the 2nd largest user of H2O in the U.S. Water backdown: thermoelectric coevals 47 % , irrigation 34 % , public supply 9 % , industrial 6 % , mining 1 % , livestock 1 % , domestic 1 % , commercial uses 1 % . Domiciliary Uses In add-on, the usage of different and disposal of waterusedboth inside andoutsidethe home.Everyday, weallrely onwaterforvarioususesin the locality ofthe insideandout. Harmonizing to theEPA, youuse50gallonsof wateronaverage. This is theway it isdamaged: 65 % = bathroom, 15 % = laundry room, 10 % = kitchen, 10 % = out-of-doorss Industrial Uses Industry, if you include thermoelectric coevals, histories for approximately 53 % of all H2O usage. Thermoelectric coevals 47 % , irrigation 34 % , public supply 9 % , industrial 6 % , mining 1 % , livestock 1 % , domestic 1 % , commercial uses 1 % . But different industries use H2O in different ways. Recreational Uses Some of the most gratifying utilizations of H2O are recreational, but boating is non so great when rubbish turns the lake into an obstruction class. And who wants to waterski on a slipperiness, slimy river? Even more significantly, your wellness is at interest if you swim in H2O full of bacteriums, or you eat fish caught in contaminated Waterss. For many types of water-based diversion, clean H2O is more than desirable, it s perfectly indispensable. Habitat and Environmental Uses Name a living thing, any species, and H2O plays a major function in its life. Plants, invertebrates, birds, fish, amphibious vehicles, reptilians, and mammals all depend on H2O. It is basic for endurance. Many living things besides need it as home ground for portion or all of their lifecycle. Birds nest near it. Beavers build in it. Fish spend their whole lives in it. Merely as H2O is an of import portion of the lifecycle for species, every species is an of import portion of the larger rhythm of the ecosystem. So if H2O is affected in any manner, whether it dries up or becomes polluted, it puts the full balance of the ecosystem at hazard. Types of Drinkable Water These are few types of drinkable H2O which is usefull for us in all ways: PORTABLE WATER STORAGE TANK Portable H2O storage armored combat vehicles can be used in a figure of petitions. If there is a problem in the lasting H2O supply a portable armored combat vehicle can be used as a impermanent solution. For illustration, it can be used as firefighting gear, typically in distant locations or for forest fires plus can besides be used in stray locations where a work cantonment needs to be set up for a retro of clip. WATER PURIFIER Drinkable H2O has contain different types of taint such as chemical and biological contaminations. . Chemical toxins are chemicals that have come with H2O. Biological contaminations in the H2O can be kill by boiling it. But unluckily, boiling H2O has no effect on chemicals which is already in the H2O. However, utilizing a H2O purifier can take both biological and chemical contaminations at the same clip, ensuing in H2O that is clean and safe to be rummy. PORTABLE WATER BOTTLE The convenient H2O bottles are a newfangled of filtered H2O flask. Through this potable H2O flask you can merely even travel anyplace without any job. The portable H2O flask can cut down 99.99 % of contaminations such as cryptosporidium, Giardia, E-coli, and etc. The flask is design for going, exerting, athleticss events, and catastrophes or even can be used at place. The H2O bottle is really excluding and the H2O besides is harmless to be drink. Decision To set it all in a nutshell, H2O is life.Without H2O no world will populate and is really of import in our day-to-day life to remain healty. Besides that drinkable H2O is in assorted type as discuss above and harmless to be drink plus non contagious.Furthermore, drinkable H2O is safe to be drank regardless of age. Furthermore, H2O is a of import beginning for everyone in the universe. 2.0 QUESTION 2 What should the director do about an employee who reports to work with the following symptoms: febrility, coughing, and a sore pharynx? Why is manus rinsing so of import? Question 2A 2.1 Introduction Employees must be encouraged to describe wellness jobs to the director of the constitution before working. If they become sick while working, they must instantly describe their status. There are several cases when foodhandlers must either be restricted from working with or around nutrient or excluded from working within the constitution. Besides that, bacteriums and viruses can do the spread of nutrient borne unwellness from one organic structure to other when one of the employees uses the bathroom. This is called a faecal unwritten path. Many nutrients borne disease eruptions have been associated with the ill workers particularly the employee who worked in the nutrient constitution. 2.2 Managing Employee Illness Condition In that instance The foodhandler has a sore pharynx with a febrility. Restrict the foodhandler from working with or around nutrient. Exclude the foodhandler from the operation if you chiefly function a bad population. The foodhandler has a least one these symptoms: Vomiting Diarrhea Jaundice Exclude the foodhandlers from the operation. Before returning to work, foodhandlers who vomited or had diarrhea must run into one of these demands Have had no symptoms for least 24 hours Have a written release from medical practician Foodhandlers with icterus must hold a written release from a medical practician before they can endorse to work. The foodhandler has been diagnosed with a foodborne unwellness caused by one of these pathogens: Salmonella Typhi Shigella spp. Shiga toxin-producing E.coli Hepatitis A Norovirus Exclude the foodhandler from the operation. Advise the local regulative authorization. Work with the foodhandler s medical practician and or the local regulative authorization to make up ones mind when the individual can travel back to work. Figure 1: Table of managing Employee Illness Beginning: ( Serve Safe, 5th Edition, 2001 ) If a foodhandler must refrigerate medicine while working and it will be stored with nutrient, employees must hive away it inside a covered, leak- cogent evidence container that is clearly labeled. Besides that, any lesions on custodies or weaponries should be covered with a patch. Bandage should be clean and dry and must forestall escape from the lesions. As antecedently mentioned, disposable baseball mitts or finger fingerstalls should be worn over patch on custodies. 2.3 Decision In my position, the employee is encouraged toreport his wellness jobs to the director of the constitution before working ; this is to forestall the status of the employee to go worse and to forestall from impacting others. The nutrient animal trainers must either be restricted from working with or around nutrient or excluded from working within the constitution. Furthermore, as a director the director should be cognizant of the personal hygiene of the staff. Question 2B 2.1 Introduction of Hand Washing Did you know that regular manus lavation is the most of import factor for keeping good wellness? Every homo being comes in contact with sources and bacteriums in their day-to-day life. These harmful micro-organisms are present all around us like on door boss, spigots, light switches, railings, etc. Peoples touch these things while making their everyday work, without believing much about it and with the same custodies touch their face, eyes, nose and sometimes eat nutrient excessively. While executing these Acts of the Apostless, the sources and bacteriums get into the organic structure, doing several diseases. Hence, it is importance for all of us to cognize the importance of manus lavation. 2.2Why is Hand Washing Important? The most of import advantage of manus lavation is that you prevent yourself from acquiring infected by a figure of unsafe complaints. Peoples who are careless about rinsing their custodies are at a higher hazard of catching a cold or grippe. Not rinsing custodies has besides the ability to do GI unwellnesss and besides diarrhea which can distribute to the whole household. It has besides been seen that improper or non rinsing custodies can do pneumonia in old people and in people who are diagnosed with chronic diseases. As non rinsing custodies can impact the wellness of your full household, larning theproper manner of manus lavation is indispensable to remain healthy.Proper manus lavation is the easiest manner to forestall nutrient borne unwellness. 2.3Process of Hand rinsing Though people know the importance of manus lavation, non many know how to make it decently. Hand rinsing does non intend merely running H2O over your thenars. It has to be done really carefully and in item. Along with warm H2O, the most indispensable thing required to rinse your custodies is soap. First, you have to wet your custodies with H2O and so flog your custodies with soap and chaparral exhaustively, with the soap making both the sides of your custodies till the carpus and besides between your fingers. Then, wash off the soap with H2O and chuck it dry with a towel or a tissue paper. Other methods of rinsing custodies when one can non entree soap and H2O is by doing usage of an intoxicant based sanitizer. One has to take a pea sized sanitizer in the thenar and spread it on the full custodies till it dries. Wiping one s custodies with antimicrobic rubs or towelettes are besides a good manner of maintaining one s custodies clean. 2.4 When do we rinse custodies? To forestall the dangers of non rinsing your custodies, it is indispensable for you to cognize when it is highly of import to rinse your custodies. After utilizing the washroom at place or at any public topographic point. After sing a patient at the infirmary. Before every bit good as after eating nutrient. Before and after one starts cooking nutrient, particularly meat, fish and domestic fowl. After altering a babe s nappy. After touching pets or cleaning their fecal matters. Before touching immature babies and kids. Before and after touching injured countries and altering the dressing of a hurt individual. After roll uping and throwing out refuse. After sneezing, coughing and blowing your olfactory organ. 2.5 Decision To set it all in a nutshell, cognizing the importance of rinsing custodies will assist you in avoiding infective diseases. Peoples who work in infirmaries and other wellness sectors have to maintain a rigorous cheque on hygiene and should larn the proper ways of manus lavation. However, one must retrieve that even at place we can acquire infected with diseases due to bacteriums and so it is necessary for you to learn the proper method of manus rinsing to your household, particularly your kids towards healthy life. 3.BIBLIOGRAPHY 3.0 Website Mention Importance of Hand Washing, Retrieved on February 13, 2011 From hypertext transfer protocol: //www.buzzle.com/articles/importance-of-hand-washing.html Invitrogen, Retrieved on February 13, 2011 From hypertext transfer protocol: //www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/References/gibco-cell-culture-basics/biological-contamination.html Biological Contamination, Retrieved on February 13, 2011 From hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kosmix.com/topic/biological_contamination # ixzz1F8VPwvxz Book Reference Serve Safe, 5th Edition, 2001 E-library 1. Emerald Insight Staff ( 1993 ) , 1st ed. , Food Safety Emerald Group Publishing Ltd 2. Sadler, Philip ( 1993 ) , 1st ed. , Types of Contamination Kogan Page Ltd. 3. Coate, Patricia ( 2007 ) , 1st ed. , Safety and Hygiene Emerald Group Publishing Ltd

Weather and Season Vocabulary in Chinese

Weather and Season Vocabulary in Chinese Talking about the weather is a great way to start a casual conversation. With these new  vocabulary words, youll be able to ask about the weather and describe seasons in Chinese.  Audio clips  to help with listening comprehension and pronunciation are marked with ââ€" º. Seasons in Chinese As you already know, there are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Lets learn the Mandarin Chinese names for these seasons. First off, we need to learn how to say season: seasonsââ€" ºjà ¬ jià ©Ã¢â‚¬â€¹(trad) Ã¥ ­ £Ã§ ¯â‚¬(simp) Ã¥ ­ £Ã¨Å â€š Lets move on to season names: springæ˜ ¥Ã¥ ¤ © ââ€" ºchÃ… «n tiÄ nsummerÃ¥ ¤ Ã¥ ¤ © ââ€" ºxi tiÄ nautumnç §â€¹Ã¥ ¤ © ââ€" ºqiÃ… « tiÄ nwinterå† ¬Ã¥ ¤ © ââ€" ºdÃ… ng tiÄ n Weather Vocabulary Now lets get more specific and talk about day-to-day weather. While reading through this vocabulary list, think about how you can apply these new words. What is the weather usually like in ç §â€¹Ã¥ ¤ © (qiÃ… « tiÄ n)? What about  Ã¥ ¤ Ã¥ ¤ © (xi tiÄ n)? What is the weather like for you today? weather(trad) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ ° £ / (simp) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€ ââ€" ºtiÄ n qà ¬goodÃ¥ ¥ ½ ââ€" ºhÇŽosunnyæ™ ´Ã¦Å"â€" ââ€" ºqà ­ng lÇŽngovercast(trad) Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã©â€º ²/ (simp) Ã¥ ¤Å¡Ã¤ ºâ€˜ ââ€" ºduÃ…  yà ºnrainingä ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ¨ ââ€" ºxi yÇ”snowingä ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ª ââ€" ºxi xuÄ›coldå† · ââ€" ºlÄ›nghot(trad) ç† ± /  (simp) çÆ' ­ ââ€" ºrà ¨warmæ º «Ã¦Å¡â€" ââ€" ºwÄ“n nuÇŽncoolæ ¶ ¼Ã§Ë† ½ ââ€" ºling shuÇŽng Sentence Examples About Weather Now that you have a basis in describing the weather, put it to use by incorporating this new vocabulary into a sentence.   Whats the weather like?ââ€" ºtiÄ n qà ¬ zÄ›n me yng?(trad) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ ° £Ã¦â‚¬Å½Ã© º ¼Ã¦ ¨ £?(simp) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€Ã¦â‚¬Å½Ã¤ ¹Ë†Ã¦   ·?Its cold.ââ€" ºhÄ›n lÄ›ngÃ¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥â€  ·Its raining.ââ€" ºxi yÇ”ä ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ¨The weathers not good.ââ€" ºtiÄ n qà ¬ bà ¹ hÇŽo(trad) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ ° £Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¥ ½(simp) Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¥ ½Its good.ââ€" ºhÄ›n hÇŽoÃ¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Its hot.ââ€" ºhÄ›n rà ¨(trad) Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã§â€  ±(simp) Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã§Æ' ­

Strategic management paper III (Recommendations for OTD) Essay

Strategic management paper III (Recommendations for OTD) - Essay Example Employing such people would provide manifold advantages to the company. Firstly, it would enhance the image of the organization as a sociable organization which also takes care of the society. In addition to this aspect some other benefits of employing aged and disabled individuals would include the following factors, firstly it is generally believed that aged and disabled individuals are generally more loyal towards an organization and do not resort to changing jobs frequently. This assumes considerable advantage for organizations like One Touch Direct which operates in an industry segment which has considerably high attrition rates. Employing disabled and aged individuals would help in taking care of the problems of attrition. Secondly, employing this section of population would enhance the productivity of the organization. This is because aged and retired people have considerable experience in handling job responsibilities. Moreover it has been observed that due to age and experience these individuals have a better understanding of the business process and can deliver efficient results if they are provided with suitable guidance and training support from the organization. Thirdly, these individuals have a realistic growth aspirations, this is due to the reason that they have high levels of maturity which has been incorporated in their attitudes due to the years of experience of the retired individuals. Based on their real life experiences disabled and aged individuals have higher ability to manage crisis scenarios as compared to their counterparts and peers who are normal and lower aged. Fourthly it has been observed that consumers generally handle these kinds of employees with greater affection and respect as compared to the normal employees. This would enhance the customer experience as they would admire One Touch Direct’s strategy of employing such individuals. Finally legal and legislative advantages could

Strategy and practise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategy and practise - Essay Example Strategic decisions are concerned with the issue of setting a direction for the organization to move or the course the organization will follow Though very crucial, yet preparing 'strategic moves' for future often is not based on hard fact, but on presumptions. It involves past experience, forecasting and 'surround-effect'. Strategic management can be described as what Bernard called 'maintaining the organization in operation'2. For any organization to function effectively; three main aspects are critical; Contribution from the concerned helps in widening the thoughts, assigning responsibilities helps in implementing and constantly monitoring the results and feedback helps in devising a still better strategy. It is said that organizations are not passive components. They are live, full of activity and environment-responsive like living beings. Organizations do acquire character and develop a typical personality with time and we tend to make an image of the employee depending on the organization he/ she works for. This very personality of the organization considerably influences the functions of the organization in the long run. For example we tend to remember some companies as employee friendly, as well paying, as investor friendly, as market friendly, as customer friendly etc. depending upon their past performances and behavior. To meet and exceed customer satisfaction, the business team needs to follow an overall organizational strategy. Traditionally 'maximizing' profits has been considered to be the objective of any organization. Not any more.This criteria has been discarded. Now organizations are supposed to have multiple objectives, monetary as well as non-monetary. There are short-term objectives as well as long-term ones. Strategists are supposed to prioritize all such objectives, so that there is clarity and ease of decision making in situations where there is an apparent clash of objectives. Situations like these at times present testing times for organization. Failure doesn't come with a one off decision, in fact it is the result of continuous interactions in a system. It has structure and sequence. John Martin, CEO, Taco Bell says, "When you are on the right road and the wind is behind you, you can make all kinds of mistakes."3 And the real test comes in overpowering these mistakes and taking corrective and preventive steps. Strategic intent cannot be planned all in advance. It has to be a continuous evolut ionary process depending upon the experiences. Henry Ford say, "Failure is the opportunity to begin again more intelligently"4 Basic Building Blocks of Strategy: 1. Environment Analysis 2. Doing a SWOT Analysis 3. Preparing a Business Policy. Environment Analysis: It involves studying and analyzing the surroundings to identify the competitors, the threats and opportunities. Maslow's hierarchy of needs argued that the driving force for human actions is the urge for satisfaction of one or the other need. These needs go on changing depending upon a number of factors. In fact the needs of consumer/ customer and those of the organization are inter-linked because organization too is an active component so needs of the

The Nile Egyptian Schools

The Nile Egyptian Schools I have accepted a new position in a new school. The school is new in everything; new school campus, new staff and team, new students, and last but not least a new system. The later is what concerns me; it also interests me and is what I find challenging. I believe it is a great idea and deeply hope it works. It is important to remember that starting an assessment of a program should not wait until the school starts. An evaluation plan should be part of the planning of the initiation of the school, and should be implemented when the teaching begins and even before once the students are accepted. And so, documentation starts from the beginning, and baseline data on students, teachers, and administration personnel can be collected before instruction begins (Fleischman Williams, 1996). The Nile Egyptian Schools Mission states that: NES will provide quality affordable education that is locally and internationally recognized and accredited. The Schools will be recognized for excellence in teaching and learning characterized by quality facilities, strong effective leadership, outstanding teachers and excellent community support. NES will prepare students for academic success and encourage them to be responsible and productive citizens with a strong Egyptian identity. The vision of the school: The Nile Egyptian Schools will provide Egypt with world class citizens who can serve globally as ambassadors of excellence and help position Egypt as a vibrant nation keen on achieving progress, prosperity and well-being for its citizens and the world community. The schools website also shows the aims and values of the school; The NES aim to meet International education standards in terms of recognized curricula, certified teachers, qualified administrative staff and school buildings constructed and equipped to contemporary international standards. These not-for-profit schools will provide high education at affordable fees in partnership with civil society. The curriculum has been designed to meet the needs of the individual learners in the twenty first century, whilst taking account of the aim and objectives of NES project and of Egyptian standards. The system is based on the principles of humanism, tolerance, diversity, democracy, and open-mindedness. The Nile schools are going to be twenty-nine schools; for now, only five will open. The plan is to open one school in every governorate; which would entail a great diversity in the students and in the cultures of each school. The students profiles are going to be extremely diverse, from Upper Egypt in Aswan to Alexandria and Port Said. As such the students will have the same curriculum, same facilities but different teachers and different backgrounds. My students at El-Obour branch will be assessed and compared to other students in the other schools. I find this challenging and needs to be put in consideration when I am evaluating the course and its outcomes. Reflecting on the mission and vision of the schools, and on my new role as the head of the science department in a new school it came to mind that I would need different tools to help me evaluate the teachers in the department, their teaching methods, their ability to interact and handle the students. As such is the case I am attempting to research and probably find or design a tool that would help me achieve my goal. I chose to adopt this framework and tried to adapt it to my needs. This framework, presented here includes both the process and outcome side. It also, focuses on the students and their individuality. Accordingly, I would be able to determine the effectiveness of the science program execution, also understand how the curriculum and teaching process produced this result and how the program could be upgraded to produce a better result more efficiently. To reach the goal of assessing the program and evaluating the outcome, there are three components that should be addressed. Data should be collected and used from these perspectives.  · Students;  · Instruction; and  · Outcomes. Each one is described below. Students This part of the evaluation tool should focus on the students information including, for example, grade level, age, the culture where they are in is it urban or rural (according to the location of the school), socio-economic background (e.g. parents education), skills, grades and test scores from previous schools and all through the year. This data has a great descriptive value; it is also useful for comparisons between other students in the same school or in the other school branches. All the Nile Egyptian schools are providing the same services to all students, but students backgrounds and cultures are going to differ according to the school location. For this I would use these two sheets one general and one specific for each student. This data could be collected once at the beginning of the year and updated if needed. It could be distributed to the parents and filled to save time. I would need this information when reviewing the collective data; it will be also useful when comparing with other schools. The general sheet: Questions How many students are in the same grade in my school (El-Obour)? Number of students taking science in each grade. How many students are in the same grade in all NESs? Number of students taking science in each grade. How many students are in the class to be observed class? Number of students in class. What is the students level in language and science? Scores on achievement tests from previous schools. What is the students basic scientific knowledge before? Scores on a pre-test related to curriculum being evaluated; i.e. an MCQ test to be given on the first or second class session. Second sheet (for individual students): Name Grade Age/ Gender Grade from previous school Comments Instruction (teaching and teaching materials) I think this part is the very essence of my job. I will eventually be leading a team of science teachers asked to deliver the curriculum by the means and the facilities available. According to the school profile, state of the art facilities that are highly technological and laboratory equipment would be available. Through monitoring and observing using an assessment tool I would be able to evaluate the process by which the outcomes or results were achieved and by what is actually taking place in the classroom, rather than what was planned to happen. This would allow us to work on the weaknesses and share the strengths with the other branches. As such I believe my role as a monitor of the science program, whether in the classroom, the laboratory or elsewhere, like field trips inside and outside the school is my number one task. To observe how the program is implemented, and develop teacher training activities that would help them. I would have to include instructional measurable objectives, hours of teaching, teacher characteristic, experience, and innovation in my assessment tool. Being the instructional leader would entail not only observations and evaluations but also building rapport with the teachers and meeting with them before and after class observations, and on regular basis to share ideas and experiences. I would like it too, if the teachers on my team would attend some of my classes; it is good for my professional development, it would also enhance the sense of team collegiality. Pre-observation Conference Date: Teachers Name:______________________ What and when would you like to be observed? (maybe set a time frame for my visit; like in the next week) How do you feel about the lesson? Walk me through your lesson plan. Why did you choose this lesson? What do you want the students to learn by the end of the lesson? How will you check if they got it? What concerns you the most about this lesson? Take me through your lesson plan What is the teaching strategy you want to be observed in this lesson? Classroom management, positive support, instructional monitoring, questioning, other instructional strategies Why did you choose this behavior? Observation instruments to be with me in the lesson while observation: Lesson plan Seating chart and where I would sit Notebook Other: Special conditions/students Reflect on Learning outcome/ objectives met Classroom management Teaching behavior focus Set the date for the post-conference meeting time and place: Any questions? (This sheet is adapted from M. MacCormick 2006) Post-Conference Date: Teachers Name:_____________________ How do you feel about the lesson? My feelings Were the learning objectives achieved?) Teachers comment My comment Discuss changes or suggestions if the lesson would be done again or differently, what would be needed? Classroom Management Teachers comment My comment Suggestions for next classes Teaching Behavior Focus Teachers comment My comment Discuss changes Future training Plan The teachers next teaching behavior focus Develop a training plan with the teacher Summary Summarize and record what was discussed Try to put the conclusions in points I have to remember to give encouraging statement Questions? Complete record of the observation cycle summary Give an estimated time for the next class visit (This sheet is adapted from M. MacCormick 2006) I would like also to use this next tool to have background information of the classes and teachers. This tool also helps me to be clear and set or request from the top management the appropriate training and development programs. Questions Variables 1. What are the measurable objectives? Are these objectives stated clearly? Unit or chapter goals and lesson objectives 2. What are the total hours of teaching per week? Hours/ week 3. What is the teacher/student ratio? Number of students/ class 4. What are the teachers qualifications and experience)? Teachers previous experience 5. What is the type of training available to teachers? Are they fitting and enough? Training and development activities 6. What are the teachers tools, materials and instruments available? Are they suitable and used? Materials and equipment available. (Adapted from Hopstock, Young, and Zehler, 1993 cited in Davis (Gene), 2005) Outcomes This is the last part of what I feel is an effective evaluation; It deals with what to do next. The results of the Cambridge exams are going to be a very important part of the evaluation of the outcome. The top management will look at these results as the sole reflection on the educational process. On the other hand I would like to put into consideration the project work of the students and their portfolios. By this we can evaluate the outcome using both authentic and traditional assessment tools. Assessment is a way we can document our progress. A systematic, ongoing cycle of setting goals or objectives, measuring the achievement of those goals, and using these results to make knowledgeable decisions vital for the departments continuous improvement (Davis (Gene), 2005). Good assessment can enhance the quality of education by providing the necessary evidence to guide us to make the best decisions we can make in many areas: including changes in curriculum, classroom teaching methodology, support individual students, and improvement of the school culture. In other words, we need to know where were standing before we can go any further. In addition to the benefits I will get in my department and school, we, the NESs could use this assessment to improve as a new educational system. With these three key purposes of assessment in mind: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To improve Evaluation should be formative. Assessment provides feedback to help form better programs and services. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To inform Assessment should show a clear image of what is really happening in a classroom or laboratory and can inform others of the effort that is done there. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ To demonstrate A good assessment process can answer three related questions: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ What are we trying to do? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ How well are we doing it? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ How are we using what we discover to improve what we will do in the future? The following diagram illustrates this cycle of goal setting tied to evaluations (Davis (Gene), 2005). Analysis of data and presenting it for further use: After collecting the data, starts the next step in the process of evaluation, data analysis and producing a report. This is important for the documentation and writing recommendations to be checked in the next cycle. The evaluation report will include: A description of the achievements of the program, stating and highlighting those instructional methods that were the most effective; A description instructional elements that were unproductive, inefficient and even problematic it will also state areas that need improvement in the future; and A description of the outcomes and the effect of the material taught and how it was delivered on the students as shown by their test scores as well as their portfolios. Thorough observation with accurate documentation will make the data useful for and allow us to make well informed decisions to improve the curriculum and the way it is delivered. In other words, the evaluation report is a tool supporting decision making, program improvement, accountability, and quality control (Davis (Gene), 2005).

Observational Research

The textbook defines observation research is the systematic process of recording patterns of occurrences or behaviors without questioning or normally communicating with the people involved. Additionally, we define observational research as a blanket term for a variety of techniques that are used to gather important data pertaining to optimizing market share in both the business to consumer and business to business world. Information for observation research must be repetitive, frequent, or in some way predictable in order for observing techniques to be successful. We discuss several categories of observational marketing research including: (1) Naturalistic situations, (2) contrived situations, (3) human observation, (4) Machine observation, and (5) direct and indirect observation. Observational research for marketing purposes has roots in experimental psychology. Famous experiments on conformity from the psychology lab can either directly or indirectly apply to marketing research that is done today. Three examples discussed are as follows: * â€Å"Study of prisoners and guards in a simulated prison. (1973) * â€Å"Environmental and Social Correlates of Physical Activity in Neighborhood Parks: An observational Study in Tampa and Chicago†. (2008) * â€Å"An Observational Method for Tim Use Research: Lessons Learned from the Middletown Media Studies†. (2009) The biggest advantage of observation research is that researchers can see how people actually behave rather than having to rely on what they say they did, which eliminates many biasing factors. Also, some forms of data are more quickly and accurately gathered by observation. The primary disadvantage of this type of research can only examine the behavior and physical characteristics of research participants. The researcher learns nothing about motives, attitudes, intentions, or feelings. People watching or objects can take the form of ethnographic research, mystery shopping, one-way mirror observations, shopper pattern and behavior studies. For our hands-on project, we conduct a disguised observation where we monitored shoppers in two Wal-Mart stores without them knowing they were being watched. The study was designed to analyze consumer buying behavior based on gender, age, number of people shopping together, and brand name vs. store brand. Two products, soup and laundry detergent, were chosen to observe consumers in order to perform our observational research study.

Essay on Book Review of Eight Men Out - 2131 Words

A Review of Eight Men Out By: Eliot Asinof The time was the fall of 1919, the country lye on the doorstep of what was to be known as the roaring twenties, a time best described as when the country lost its innocence, a time when a people discovered the pleasures of sin. In 1919, the U.S. has just come out of World War I, at that time known as The Great War. Our service men had went overseas for long periods of time, and spent that time among cultures it had never seen, consequently bringing back part of it when they came home. This was a time of disruption in the country, the world had changed. It was now evident that man was capable of atrocities that could end the human race, and wars that could span long years and cost many†¦show more content†¦The man said to be able to knock down fences with the balls he hit, a man who when he played left field was were triples went to die. He got the name Shoeless Joe, when he was coming up in the farm system he lost one of his cleats and played the rest of the game with one shoe, hence the name Shoeless Joe. The team was managed by a great old man of the game Kid Gleason, a man who once through a no hitter against Cy Young. This was the greatest team ever assembled; a team who could not be beat by anybody, except themselves. And that is just what they did. There were many reasons the scandal that was the 1919 World Series happened, none more important, and maybe less mentioned than the greed of Charles Comiskey, the teams owner. This club may have been the best ever assembled, but it may have also been the most underpaid. No incident explains this any better than the salary of Eddie Cicotte, Eddie had won 28 games in 1917, the war had harmed 1918, but Eddie was back for 1919, but Eddie was only paid $6,000 for the 1919 season, many pitcher in the league with much less talent was paid more than twice that amount. Eddie wasnt the only one, as a whole Comiskey was paying a much smaller salary to his players than any other team would have to pay for the same talent. But for Comiskey it was all about the money. So the stage is set, we have the best team n baseball, the tightest ownerShow MoreRelatedBook Review of Eight Men Out The Black Sox and the 1919 World Series by Eliot Asinof1124 Words   |  5 PagesBook Review of Eight Men Out The Black Sox and the 1919 World Series by Eliot Asinof In the golden age of baseball, where the heroes of the diamond became gods, an incident that would scar baseball for life was committed in the World Series of 1919. Eight men of the Chicago White Sox team conceived a plot to throw the World Series for a sum of $80,000. 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